The Union government's fiscal deficit soared to Rs 10.75 lakh crore, or 135.1 percent of the 2020-21 Budget Estimates (BE), at the end of November 2020, mainly on account of low realization of revenue due to disruption in business activities amid the coronavirus pandemic.
The fiscal deficit at the end of November 2019 had stood at 114.8 percent of 2019-20 BE.
In absolute terms, the fiscal deficit stood at Rs 10,75,507 crore at the end of November 2020, according to the latest data released by the Controller General of Accounts (CGA). The lockdown imposed to curb the spread of coronavirus had significantly impacted business activities and, in turn, contributed to sluggish revenue realization.
The fiscal deficit, or gap between the expenditure and revenue, had breached the annual target in July this year. The government's total receipts stood at Rs 8,30,851 crore (37 percent of BE 2020-21) till the end of November 2020.
This included Rs 6,88,430 crore tax revenue (net to centre), Rs 1,24,280 crore of non-tax revenue and Rs 18,141 crore of non-debt capital receipts. Non-debt capital receipts consist of recovery of loans and disinvestment proceeds.
The tax revenue collection was 42.1 percent of BE of 2020-21, compared with 45.5 percent of BE (2019-20) during the corresponding period a year ago. Non-tax revenue was 32.3 percent of BE.
During the corresponding period of the last fiscal, it was 74.3 percent of BE 2019-20. During the corresponding period last fiscal, the total receipts were 48.6 percent of 2019-20 BE.
According to the data, over Rs 3.34 lakh crore were transferred to state governments as devolution of share of taxes by the Government of India up to November 2020.
The CGA data said the total expenditure incurred by the government stood at Rs 19,06,358 crore or 63 percent of BE. Of the total expenditure, Rs 16,65,200 crore was on revenue account and Rs 2,41,158 crore on capital account.
It further said that out of the total revenue expenditure, over Rs 3.83 lakh crore was on account of interest payments and Rs 2,02,119 crore towards major subsidies.
For this financial year, the government had pegged the fiscal deficit at Rs 7.96 lakh crore or 3.5 percent of the GDP in the Union Budget, which was presented by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman in February 2020.
These figures, however, may have to be revised significantly in view of the economic disruptions created by the coronavirus pandemic.
The fiscal deficit had soared to a seven-year high of 4.6 percent of the gross domestic product in 2019-20, mainly due to poor revenue realization.